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KCSE CLUSTER TESTS 27

Biology Paper 1

1.

Biochemistry

1 marks

2.

Light of optimum intensity enhance photosynthesis in phytoplanktons/green plants thereby encouraging their multiplication, this leads to increase in fish population since they have abundant food, low light intensity reaches photosynthesis is phytoplanktons/green plants thereby lowering their multiplication; thus reducing fish population is through death due to starvation

3 marks

3.

i) Leads to the emergence of new organisms/species/animals/plants/flora/fauna.

ii) Enable the well/most adapted organisms to live up to reproductive age/survive/ and pass their characteristics to their offspring. iii) Scarcity of resources / limitation of resources can name the resources e.g. food/breeding
mates/shelter.

3 marks

4.

ADH increases the permeability of kidney tubules/nephrone to water; hence retention of water in the body; OWTTE.

2 marks

5.

a) Golgi body /apparatus b) Secrete enzymes; produce lysosomes; transportation of hormones, modification of carbohydrates and proteins/ glycoprotein’s, packaging of carbohydrates and glycoproteins Mark the first three

3 marks

6.

a) Chordata (1mrk)

b) Have mammary glands

Body covered with fur/hair

Have pinnae

3 marks

7.

3 marks

8.

i) production of root hairs

ii) Production of lateral roots

iii) Protect apical meristem/enable the root penetrate the soil

3 marks

9.

nitrogen – making of cell wall, magnesium ;

3 marks

10.

a) interphase

b) 46 (chromatids

2 marks

11.

a) Motor neurone/nerve cell b) Schwann cell c) Enhance the transmission of (nerve) impulses/speed up the transmission of impulses.

3 marks

12.

New born babies lose more heat per unit weight due to a larger surface area to volume ratio; this results to higher rate of oxygen consumption during respiration to maintains their body temperature; higher heartbeat count increases; blood circulation to supply oxygen to tissues and remove carbon (iv) oxide and other wastes

3 marks

13.

Absorb water by osmosis, hence become turgid, presence of collenchyma/sclerechyma

3 marks

14.

a) intermttent growth

b) Moulting/ecdysis

c) Ecdysone

3 marks

15.

2 marks

16.

Blood has no antigens; do not cause agglutination with the other antigens of other blood groups

2 marks

17.

Alveoli/alveolus

2 marks

18.

. a) Glucose Ethanol + carbon (iv) oxide + energy /C6H1206 2C2H5OH + CO2 + energy (must be balanced)

b) Manufacture of ethanol/biogas/baking (bread

3 marks

19.

a) Water vapour lost by transpiration will cause the cobalt chloride paper to turn pinks

. b) To prevent water vapour in the atmosphere from getting into contact with the cobalt chloride paper

3 marks

20.

Presence of villi/micro villi, long/supplied with blood capillaries/presence of lacteals presence of thin epithelium

3 marks

21.

a) Trichomonas vaginalisis Schistosoma mansoni/ haematobium/Japonicum.

b) Malaria

3 marks

22.

in bright light/high intensity, the circular muscles contract and radial muscles relax, the pupils becomes smaller, in dim light/ low light intensity circular muscles relax, and radial muscles contract and the pupil becomes bigger/wider

3 marks

23.

a) herbivorous

b) Lacks upper canine and incisors

Presence of diastemia

3 marks

24.

a) Conduction Radiation

b) Protection/ from desiccation/drying/reduce loss of moisture/water from the body

3 marks

25.

in bright light/high intensity, the circular muscles contract and radial muscles relax, the pupils becomes smaller, in dim light/ low light intensity circular muscles relax, and radial muscles contract and the pupil becomes bigger/wider

2 marks

26.

in higher attitude the atmospheric pressure is low/air is less premed; there is low concentration of oxygen and carbon (iv) oxide in lower altitude atmospheric pressure is high/air more premed there is high concentration of oxygen and carbon (iv) oxides

3 marks

27.

b) Mice, lizard, snakes

c) Most/some plants will die/dry

Some/all / most organisms will starve to death.

Some/all/ some organisms may migrate Mark one

3 marks

28.

Triceps contract and biceps will relax

3 marks

29.

3 marks

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